Of course, you also can't experience anything outside of time. According to neuroscientists who study laughter, it turns out that chuckles and giggles often aren't a response to humorthey're a response to people. The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators and The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, by Neil Rackham and John Carlisle, Journal of European Industrial Training, 1978. BORODITSKY: Thank you so much for having me. It's just how I feel. GEACONE-CRUZ: It describes this feeling so perfectly in such a wonderfully packaged, encapsulated way, and you can just - it rolls off the tongue, and you can just throw it. I'm Shankar Vedantam. VEDANTAM: Lera now tries to understand languages spoken all over the world. And so even though I insist that there is no scientific basis for rejecting some new word or some new meaning or some new construction, I certainly have my visceral biases. Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. People who breathe too much put their bodies in a hypoxic state, with not enough oxygen to the brain How breath moves in the body: air comes in through the nose and mouth; the larynx (rigid tube to avoid closing) brings air from the nose and mouth to the lungs Lungs can expand and contract to bring in or expel air UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #1: (Speaking foreign language). So when I ask you to, say, imagine a man walking down the street, well, in your imagery, you're going to have some details completed and some will be left out. John is a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University. If it is the first time you login, a new account will be created automatically. MCWHORTER: Thank you for having me, Shankar. And dead languages never change, and some of us might prefer those. Please do not republish our logo, name or content digitally or distribute to more than 10 people without written permission. He says there are things we can do to make sure our choices align with our deepest values. Happiness 2.0: The Only Way Out Is Through. Special thanks to Adam Cole, who wrote and performed our rendition of "The Hokey Pokey." - you would have to say something like, my arm got broken, or it so happened to me that my arm is broken. It's as if you saw a person - I'm not going to say at 4 because then the person is growing up, and if I use that analogy then it seems like I'm saying that language grows up or it moves toward something or it develops. BORODITSKY: I spoke really terrible Indonesian at the time, so I was trying to practice. VEDANTAM: Around the world, we often hear that many languages are dying, and there are a few megalanguages that are growing and expanding in all kinds of ways. VEDANTAM: I understand that there's also been studies looking at how artists who speak different languages might paint differently depending on how their languages categorize, you know, concepts like a mountain or death. Hidden Brain explores the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior and questions that lie at the heart of our complex and changing world. So new words are as likely to evolve as old ones. Those sorts things tend to start with women. . This week, we continue our look at the science of influence with psychologist Robert Cialdini, and explore how these techniques can be used for both good and evil. Read the episode transcript. BORODITSKY: Yeah. The phrase brings an entire world with it - its context, its flavor, its culture. "Most of the laughter we produce is purely . And so what that means is if someone was sitting facing south, they would lay out the story from left to right. And one thing that we've noticed is that around the world, people rely on space to organize time. 00:55:27 Hidden Brain Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button Many of us rush through our days, weeks, and lives, chasing goals, and just trying to get everything done. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. You-uh (ph). Hidden Brain Feb 23, 2023 Happiness 2.0: Surprising Sources of Joy Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #7: (Speaking foreign language). ADAM COLE, BYLINE: (Singing) You put your southwest leg in, and you shake it all about. Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. That was somehow a dad's fashion, and that I should start wearing flat-fronted pants. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. BORODITSKY: Well, I think it's a terrible tragedy. So even if I'm speaking English, the distinctions that I've learned in speaking Russian, for example, are still active in my mind to some extent, but they're more active if I'm actually speaking Russian. And this is NPR. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? You can also connect directly with our sponsorship representative by emailing [emailprotected]. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. Newer episodes are unlikely to have a transcript as it takes us a few weeks to process and edit each transcript. But it's a lovely example of how language can guide you to discover something about the world that might take you longer to discover if you didn't have that information in language. Flight attendant Steven Slater slides from a plane after quitting. Perspectives on the Situation by Harry T. Reis, and John G. Holmes, in The Oxford Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology, 2012. When language was like that, of course it changed a lot - fast - because once you said it, it was gone. So that's an example of how languages and cultures construct how we use space to organize time, to organize this very abstract thing that's otherwise kind of hard to get our hands on and think about. So I think that nobody would say that they don't think language should change. How to Foster Perceived Partner Responsiveness: High-Quality LIstening is Key, Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS), Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts are Influenced by Self-Esteem and Relationship Threat, Perceived Partner Responsiveness Minimizes Defensive Reactions to Failure, Assessing the Seeds of Relationship Decay: Using Implicit Evaluations to Detect the Early Stages of Disillusionment. Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button. Hidden Brain. We also look at how. MCWHORTER: Oh, yeah, I'm a human being. Hidden Brain on Apple Podcasts How do you balance the imperative of teaching correct usage? It's not something that you typically go out trying to do intentionally. We'll be back momentarily. We love the idea of Hidden Brain helping to spark discussions in your community. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. GEACONE-CRUZ: And I ended up living there for 10 years. Happiness 2.0: Surprising Sources of Joy | Hidden Brain Media So earlier things are on the left. Does Legal Education Have Undermining Effects on Law Students? And that is an example of a simple feature of language - number words - acting as a transformative stepping stone to a whole domain of knowledge. out. VEDANTAM: One of the points you make in the book of course is that the evolution of words and their meanings is what gives us this flowering of hundreds or thousands of languages. native tongue without even thinking about it. Psychologist Ken Sheldon studies the science of figuring out what you want. It has to do with the word momentarily. And the way you speak right is not by speaking the way that people around you in your life speak, but by speaking the way the language is as it sits there all nice and pretty on that piece of paper where its reality exists. Each language comprises the ideas that have been worked out in a culture over thousands of generations, and that is an incredible amount of cultural heritage and complexity of thought that disappears whenever a language dies. There are many scholars who would say, look, yes, you do see small differences between speakers of different languages, but these differences are not really significant; they're really small. This week on Hidden Brain, we revisit a favorite episode exploring what this culture means Jesse always wanted to fall in love. And, I mean, really, it sounds exactly like that. If you are able, we strongly encourage you to listen to the audio, which includes emotion and emphasis that's not on the page. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. But I understand that in Spanish, this would come out quite differently. Hidden Brain: The NPR Archive : NPR - NPR.org UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #8: (Speaking Italian). Everyone wants to be loved and appreciated. And as you point out, it's not just that people feel that a word is being misused. And after listening to you, I realize I might have to finally give in. So to give you a very quick wrap-up is that some effects are big, but even when effects aren't big, they can be interesting or important for other reasons - either because they are very broad or because they apply to things that we think are really important in our culture. How to Really Know Another Person - Transcripts That is the direction of writing in Hebrew and Arabic, going from right to left. In this episode, we explore how long-term relationships have changed over time and whether we might be able to improve marriage by asking less of it. You can run experiments in a lab or survey people on the street. Whats going on here? We post open positions (including internships) on our jobs page. BORODITSKY: One thing that we've noticed is this idea of time, of course, is very highly constructed by our minds and our brains. I know-uh (ph) is there, or something along the lines of babe-uh (ph). But I don't think that it's always clear to us that language has to change in that things are going to come in that we're going to hear as intrusions or as irritating or as mistakes, despite the fact that that's how you get from, say, old Persian to modern Persian. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. BORODITSKY: It's certainly possible. The transcript below may be for an earlier version of this episode. It's part of a general running indication that everything's OK between you and the other person, just like one's expected to smile a little bit in most interactions. And it ended up becoming less a direct reflection of hearty laughter than an indication of the kind of almost subconscious laughter that we do in any kind of conversation that's meant as friendly. It's inherent. You can't smell or taste time. Lera, thank you so much for joining me on HIDDEN BRAIN today. Transcript - How language shapes the way we think by Lera Boroditsky.docx, The Singapore Quality Award requires organisations to show outstanding results, The following lots of Commodity Z were available for sale during the year, b The authors identify 5 types of misinformation in the abstract but discuss 7, 17 Chow N Asian value and aged care Geriatr Gerontol Int 20044521 5 18 Chow NWS, Writing Results and Discussion Example.docx, A 6 month old infant weighing 15 lb is admitted with a diagnosis of dehydration, ng_Question_-_Assessment_1_-_Proposing_Evidence-Based_Change.doc, The Social Security checks the Government sends to grandmothers are considered A, 03 If a covered member participates on the clients attest engagement or is an, AURETR143 Student Assessment - Theory v1.1.docx. Parents and peers influence our major life choices. We talk with psychologist Iris Mauss, who explains why happiness Why do some companies become household names, while others flame out? BORODITSKY: Actually, one of the first people to notice or suggest that this might be the case was a Russian linguist, Roman Jakobson. And to arrive in a new place where you can't tell a joke and can't express an idea - oh, it's just really painful because you feel like your whole self is hiding inside and no one can see it. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. To request permission, please send an email to [emailprotected]. A brief history of relationship research in social psychology, by Harry T. Reis, in Handbook of the History of Social Psychology, 2011. something, even though it shouldn't be so much of an effort. And, of course, you always have to wonder, well, could it be that speakers of these different languages are actually seeing different kinds of bridges? They give us a sense that the meanings of words are fixed, when in fact they're not. And we're all going to have feelings like that. So it's mendokusai. But the reason that it seems so elusive is because we don't really think about the, quote, unquote, "meaning" of things like our conversation-easing laughter. VEDANTAM: In the English-speaking world, she goes by Lera Boroditsky. You can find the transcript for most episodes of Hidden Brain on our website. Take the word bridge - if it's feminine in your language, you're more likely to say that bridges are beautiful and elegant. Does a speaker of a language, like Spanish, who has to assign gender to so many things, end up seeing the world as more gendered? Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. You can't know, but you can certainly know that if could listen to people 50 years from now, they'd sound odd. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #6: (Speaking foreign language). So for example, grammatical gender - because grammatical gender applies to all nouns in your language, that means that language is shaping the way you think about everything that can be named by a noun. Language as it evolved was just talking to an extent that can be very hard for we literate people to imagine. But, if you dig a little deeper, you may find that they share much more: they might make the same amount of money as you, or share the, We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. And he started by asking Russian-speaking students to personify days of the week. We'll begin with police shootings of unarmed Black men. VEDANTAM: I understand there's been some work looking at children and that children who speak certain languages are actually quicker to identify gender and their own gender than children who are learning other languages in other cultures. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. It Takes Two: The Interpersonal Nature of Empathic Accuracy, What Do You Do When Things Go Right?
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